Europe

Fishing_European Eel_Sweden

Emma_Hemmerle — Mon, 31 Jan 2022 12:10:34 +0000

Fishing_European Eel_Sweden Emma_Hemmerle Mon, 01/31/2022 - 12:10

Affiliation

IIED

Date Of Record Entry

Mon, 01/31/2022 - 12:00

Type of wild species covered by the record

Wild species used in its natural habitat

Stage of the value chain covered by the record

Unknown/not recorded

Record Source

“Grey” literature (e.g., NGO reports, case studies, non-detriment studies; project documents etc. (not necessarily peer-reviewed))

Non Detriment Findings For The European Eel - The Swedish Case

Decreasing

Is the species endemic HIDE

Population Status

Unknown/not recorded

Formal international protection in place

International Level

CITES listing

CMS listing

National Level

Formal national protection in place

; the Species Protection Act 2007:845, as a species of national interest. The Species Protection Act 2007:845 prescribes that operations trading live specimens listed on (CITES appendix I or II) must have a license of operation

Threats/Pressures impacting the conservation of the species

Agriculture

Illegal/Unregulated Logging and Wood Extraction

Residential and Commercial Development

Energy Production and Mining

Climate Change

Pollution

Dams and other System Modifications

Transportation and Service Corridors

Disease

Invasive Species

Illegal/Unregulated Fishing

Additional Details (if available)

In Sweden the eel is under the same threats are as in most countries, viz. a high fishing mortality, inaccessibility to suitable growing areas, obstacles for both up- as downstream migration and high mortalities on hydropower screens and in turbines. In addition come POPs and several diseases and parasites. Among the latter, the introduced swim bladder parasite, Anguillicola crassus, does probably pose a significant hazard to a successful reproduction.

Population Trend

Unknown/not recorded

Sub-national Level

Unknown/not recorded

Additional Details (if available)

Anguilla anguilla is susceptible to a number of natural and anthropogenic threats. These threats include but are not limited to; barriers to migration, climate change, habitat loss/degradation, invasive species, parasitism, pollution, predation and unsustainable exploitation (Drouineau et al. 2018). The occurrence and significance of these threats varies considerably from area to area across the species range. The significance of any single threat, or the synergy it may have with other threats is still poorly understood (Dekker 2004, Jacoby et al. 2015, Miller et al. 2016). It is therefore important to highlight that management measures focusing on a single threat, in isolation of other identified pressures (listed below), are less likely to have a significant positive effect on the stock than a combined approach.
As a fat, long lived, semelparous fish species eels also accumula- te a wide range of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) as DDT, PCBs, and dioxins, which is known to disturb their reproductive success.

Name

Emma Hemmerlé

Scientific Name

Anguilla anguilla

Common Name(s)

European Eel

Type of Use

Extractive (i.e., the entire organism or parts of the organism are removed from its environment)

If extractive, for the target species, is this use

Lethal

Does this use involve take/extraction of

The whole entire organism

How is the primary use carried out?

Targeted fishing harvesting/exploiting or collecting wild aquatic resources

Are specific characteristics/traits being targeted?

Unknown/not recorded

Purpose of Use

Largescale commercial exploitation for trade

Additional Details (if available)

direct consumption as well as to be used as seed in aquaculture both in Europe and in e.g. China.

What is the main end use for any living organisms, parts or products taken/extracted?

Food for People

What is the trend in the level of offtake within the period covered by this record?

Europe

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