Hunting_African Lion_Tanzania

Emma_Hemmerle — Wed, 02 Feb 2022 15:01:25 +0000

Hunting_African Lion_Tanzania Emma_Hemmerle Wed, 02/02/2022 - 15:01

Affiliation

IIED

Date Of Record Entry

Wed, 02/02/2022 - 12:00

Type of wild species covered by the record

Wild species used in its natural habitat

Stage of the value chain covered by the record

Entire value chain

Record Source

“Grey” literature (e.g., NGO reports, case studies, non-detriment studies; project documents etc. (not necessarily peer-reviewed))

Non-detriment Report Under Cites Regarding The Export Of African Lions Panthera Leo From The United Republic Of Tanzania

Decreasing

Is the species endemic HIDE

Population Status

Uncommon but wildly distributed

Formal international protection in place

International Level

CITES listing

CMS listing

National Level

Formal national protection in place

Lions are protected throughout the country, and it is the policy of the Government to conserve them both inside and outside protected areas as part of the countries biological heritage (Wildlife Conservation Act, 1974);

Threats/Pressures impacting the conservation of the species

Illegal/Unregulated Logging and Wood Extraction

Illegal/Unregulated Hunting

Conflict and War

Residential and Commercial Development

Pollution

Additional Details (if available)

Threats to Lion in Tanzania are limited/reversible.
There are four types of non-natural mortality of lions in Tanzania on the based on research records, District Problem-Animal files and Wildlife Division Hunting records; Problem-animal control (PAC), ritual hunting, tourist hunting and road kills

Population Trend

Unknown/not recorded

Sub-national Level

Unknown/not recorded

Additional Details (if available)

The main threats to Lions are indiscriminate killing (primarily as a result of retaliatory or pre-emptive killing to protect human life and livestock) and prey base depletion. Habitat loss and conversion has led to a number of subpopulations becoming small and isolated (Bauer et al. 2008). Furthermore, trophy hunting has a net positive impact in a some areas, but may have at times contributed to population declines in Botswana, Namibia, Tanzania, Zimbabwe (Packer et al. 2009, 2011, 2013), Cameroon (Croes et al. 2011) and Zambia (Rosenblatt et al. 2014).

Name

Emma Hemmerlé

Scientific Name

Panthera leo

Common Name(s)

African Lion

Simba

Type of Use

Extractive (i.e., the entire organism or parts of the organism are removed from its environment)

If extractive, for the target species, is this use

Lethal

Does this use involve take/extraction of

The whole entire organism

How is the primary use carried out?

Hunting and/or Trapping of live Terrestrial and Aerial Animals

Are specific characteristics/traits being targeted?

Unknown/not recorded

Purpose of Use

Recreational

What is the main end use for any living organisms, parts or products taken/extracted?

Speciment collecting, including hunting/fishing trophies

Amount

193.00

Units Of Measurement

lions harvested annually from a quota of 320

Time period over which this has been recorded

2000-2007

What is the trend in the level of offtake within the period covered by this record?

Unknown/Not Recorded

Is there a regulatory or customary regime in place to govern this use?

Yes, formal (e.g., quotas, viewing or catch-size limits) and complied with

Additional Details (if available)

Harvesting of lions in Tanzania is controlled through the Wildlife Conservation Act (1974) and Hunting Regulations (2002).

Provide Details of resource rights regime where relevant

Illegal harvest and trade in lion body parts are rare nationally (9 skins impounded between 2000-7), making it difficult to estimate through meaningful quantitative measures. These numbers are not considered when setting quotas, as numbers are regarded low and insignificant.

Geographic Location

Sub-Saharan Africa

Country

Tanzania

Is the site legally/formally protected?

Unknown/not recorded

Ownership

Unknown/Not Recorded

Management

Unknown/Not Recorded

International external (individual, groups. e.g., hunters, anglers, photographers, tourists)

National / local private sector

If more than one box ticked, please provide more details

lions are harvested for trophy by foreign tourists hunters that must export them.

Is the use part of a strategy to generate conservation incentives, to finance conservation, or to improve tolerance/stewardship?

Unknown/not recorded

Is there evidence that the use is affecting the conservation status of the species? HIDE

Unknown/not recorded

Is there evidence that the use is affecting natural selection?

Unknown/not recorded

Is there evidence that the use is affecting poaching of illegal wildlife trade?

Unknown/not reported

Is there any evidence that this use of the species is having a knock-on effect on the status of non-target species

Unknown/not recorded

Details of assessment carried out

The harvest management regime in place insures that no lions are hunted by resident hunters and that only tourist hunters are permit- ted and in designated areas. The regime also insures that the tourist hunter’s harvest is limited (in quantity and quality) by a quota system. Approximately 193 lions were harvested annually from a quota of 320 between 2000-7, meeting 63.3% of harvest requirement. Regression analyses for key lion populations have shown significantly, positive linear relationships between quotas and offtake/harvest. A visual presentation by graphs of relationships between quotas and harvest/off- take are given in ANNEX II to show current non-detriment effects in Tanzania. These findings suggest current harvest levels have had no- detriment effects to the lion population in Tanzania.
In conclusion, the requirements for a non-detriment finding are met with the management regime put in place by the Wildlife Division.

Has a valuation of financial flows from this use at the site/national/international level been recorded

Contribution to GDP

Unknown/not recorded

Food

Energy

Medicine/healthcare

Education

Training/Skills

Land/Resource Rights

Decision Making

Conflict- people

Conflict- wildlife

Climate Change

Has the use of the species been recorded as resulting in changes to human health in this record?

Unknown/not recorded

Has the species in use been noted as being of particular disease risk to humans?

Unknown/not recorded

Has the use of the species resulted in changes to animal welfare in this record?

Unknown/not recorded

Are there particular practices which have increased the risk to human or animal health or welfare in the use of this species?

Unknown/not recorded

Does the use of this species increase susceptibility to pathogen spread?

Unknown/not recorded

Supportive policy and legislative framework

Present

Support from Government

Present

High financial returns from use

Present

Biological characteristics of target species

Present

Establishment and implementation of species and/or area management plan

Present

Is this use legal or illegal?

Legal under national law

Source Reference(s)

Ikanda, D.K. (n.d.) NDF Workshop Case Studies WG 5 – Mammals: Non-detriment Report Under Cites Regarding The Export Of African Lions Panthera Leo From The United Republic Of Tanzania.

Threats/pressures impacting the species at the scale of this record

Habitat Loss and Enviromental Degredation

Direct Persecution

Who is involved in the use?

Unknown/Not Recorded

Is there any gender/age specificity in the various roles

Unknown/not recorded

How many of these local jobs accure to the following categories?

How many people outside the local area are employed

Is there any evidence of other economic benefits associated with this use beyond direct income and jobs

Unknown/Not recorded

Scale of Assessment