https://speciesusedatabase.com/ en https://speciesusedatabase.com/node/137 <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Hunting_vizcacha_Argentina</span> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"><span>Emma_Hemmerle</span></span> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden">Fri, 02/11/2022 - 13:57</span> <div class="field field--name-field-aff field--type-string-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Affiliation</div> <div class="field__item">IIED</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-entry-date field--type-datetime field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Date Of Record Entry</div> <div class="field__item"><time datetime="2022-02-11T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">Fri, 02/11/2022 - 12:00</time> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-spp-type field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Type of wild species covered by the record</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item">Wild species used in its natural habitat</div> <div class="field__item">Wild species used in a suitable habitat but not its own natural habitat (<em>e.g., invasive alien species</em>)</div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-val-chain field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Stage of the value chain covered by the record</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-source field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Record Source</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item">“Grey” literature (<em>e.g., NGO reports, case studies, non-detriment studies; project documents etc. (not necessarily peer-reviewed</em>))</div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-sum-rec field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Capture and hunting of vizcacha in Argentina</p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-rl-pop-trend field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> <div class="field field--name-field-endemic field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is the species endemic HIDE</div> <div class="field__item">No</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-pop-status field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Population Status</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-int-spp-protect field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> <div class="field field--name-field-nat-spp-protect field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">National Level</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-glob-threat field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Threats/Pressures impacting the conservation of the species</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/280" hreflang="en">Illegal/Unregulated Hunting</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-details-site-threats field--type-text-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Additional Details (if available)</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Eradication campaigns using fumigants have eliminated vizcachas from parts of the cultivated portion of their range;</p> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-pop-trend field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Population Trend</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-subnat-spp-protect field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Sub-national Level</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-details-glob-threats field--type-text-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Additional Details (if available)</div> <div class="field__item"><p>In Argentina this species was classified as the source of a national plague in 1905 and was eradicated from many areas (Godoy 1963). It is also hunted commercially for meat and fur (Spotorno and Patton 2015).</p> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-name field--type-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Name</div> <div class="field__item">Emma Hemmerlé</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-species field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--species paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="field field--name-field-sci-name field--type-string field--label-inline clearfix"> <div class="field__label">Scientific Name</div> <div class="field__item">Lagostomus maximus</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-comm-name field--type-string field--label-inline clearfix"> <div class="field__label">Common Name(s)</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item">Vizcacha</div> <div class="field__item">Plains Viscacha</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-use-type field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Type of Use</div> <div class="field__item">Extractive (<em>i.e., the entire organism or parts of the organism are removed from its environment</em>)</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-extrtv-lethal-nonlethal field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">If extractive, for the target species, is this use</div> <div class="field__item">Lethal</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-take-extraction field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Does this use involve take/extraction of</div> <div class="field__item">The whole entire organism</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-extrtv-use-mode field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">How is the primary use carried out?</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/296" hreflang="en">Hunting and/or Trapping of live Terrestrial and Aerial Animals</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-target-traits field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Are specific characteristics/traits being targeted?</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-use-purpose field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Purpose of Use</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item">Basic subsistence (meeting day to day essential needs)</div> <div class="field__item">Recreational</div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-details-purpose-use field--type-text-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Additional Details (if available)</div> <div class="field__item"><p>The vizcacha is important in semi-arid marginal zones as a source of meat and pelts; for sport hunting; and because of the damage it does to vegetation and the carrying capacity for domestic livestock.</p> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-end-use field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">What is the main end use for any living organisms, parts or products taken/extracted?</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/304" hreflang="en">Food for People</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/311" hreflang="en">Ornamentation, decoration and apparel</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-offtake-trend field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">What is the trend in the level of offtake within the period covered by this record?</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/334" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-gov-legal field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is there a regulatory or customary regime in place to govern this use? </div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/320" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-land field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Geographic Location</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/344" hreflang="en">South America</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-country field--type-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Country</div> <div class="field__item">Argentina</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-site-legal-protect field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is the site legally/formally protected?</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-site-tenure field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Ownership</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/369" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-management field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Management</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/373" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-prim-users field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-strategy-cons field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is the use part of a strategy to generate conservation incentives, to finance conservation, or to improve tolerance/stewardship?</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-spp-impact field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is there evidence that the use is affecting the conservation status of the species? HIDE</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-impact-nat-select field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is there evidence that the use is affecting natural selection?</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-impact-poaching-iwt field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is there evidence that the use is affecting poaching of illegal wildlife trade? </div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not reported</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-impact-other-spp field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is there any evidence that this use of the species is having a knock-on effect on the status of non-target species</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-habitat-impact field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item">Yes, positive (<em>e.g., it increases / retains land area for conservation</em>)</div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-details-impact-habitat field--type-text-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Additional Details (if available)</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Evidence suggests that overgrazing and habitat degradation in<br /> semi-arid zones actually facilitate colonization by Lagostomus. Once established, the animals then modify and degrade the environment still more, allowing for further expansion of the vizcacheras. Therefore, encouraging and rationalizing vizcacha hunting would help to control the vizcacha&#039;s numbers and impact on rangeland.</p> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-details-use-sus-assess field--type-text-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Details of assessment carried out</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Their abundance in most parts of their range, despite efforts to eliminate them, indicate that populations are large, widespread and resilient. Many colonies that have been hunted heavily for many years still survive. The abundance and resilience of vizcachas make them a good candidate for a sustainable use project - marketing the meat and using the proceeds to improve management and demonstrate the economic benefits of sustainable use.</p> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-finance-flows field--type-boolean field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Has a valuation of financial flows from this use at the site/national/international level been recorded</div> <div class="field__item">No</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-revenue-gdp field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Contribution to GDP</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-food field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Food</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-energy field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Energy</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-health field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Medicine/healthcare</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-education field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Education</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-skills field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Training/Skills</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-rights field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Land/Resource Rights</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-decision-making field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Decision Making</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-social-cohesion field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Social Cohesion</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-conflict-people field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Conflict- people</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-conflict-wildlife field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Conflict- wildlife</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-climate-change field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Climate Change</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-details-socio-eco-assess field--type-text-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Details of assessment</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Information is scarce on the socioeconomic role of wildlife; and few people appreciate its values and contribution to the regional or national economy.</p> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-health-welfare field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Has the use of the species been recorded as resulting in changes to human health in this record?</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-spp-disease-risk field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Has the species in use been noted as being of particular disease risk to humans?</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-impacts-anim-welf field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Has the use of the species resulted in changes to animal welfare in this record?</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-risk-practises field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Are there particular practices which have increased the risk to human or animal health or welfare in the use of this species?</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-risk-pathogen field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Does the use of this species increase susceptibility to pathogen spread?</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-health-welf-sus-assess field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> <div class="field field--name-field-comm-govern field--type-boolean field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Strong community governance/institutions/rights for wildlife management</div> <div class="field__item">Absent</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-bio-spp field--type-boolean field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Biological characteristics of target species</div> <div class="field__item">Absent</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-legal-nonlegal field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is this use legal or illegal?</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/326" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-ref field--type-text-long field--label-inline"> <div class="field__label">Source Reference(s)</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><p>Prescott-Allen, Robert, and Prescott-Allen, Christine (Eds.) (1996). Assessing the Sustainability of Uses of Wild Species - Case Studies and Initial Assessment Procedure. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland, and Cambridge, UK. pp. iv + 135</p> </div> <div class="field__item"><p>Capture of blue-fronted amazons and hunting of vizcachas and tegu lizards in Argentina. John E. Jackson, Enrique H. Bucher and José Maria Chani.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-threats-pressures-impactin field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Threats/pressures impacting the species at the scale of this record</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/290" hreflang="en">Direct Persecution</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-use-categ field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Who is involved in the use?</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/383" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-gender-age field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is there any gender/age specificity in the various roles</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-local-jobs-categ field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">How many of these local jobs accure to the following categories?</div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--jobs-demographic paragraph--view-mode--default"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-nonlocal-jobs-category field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">How many people outside the local area are employed</div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--jobs-demographic paragraph--view-mode--default"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-econ-benefits field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is there any evidence of other economic benefits associated with this use beyond direct income and jobs</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/Not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-scale-of-assess field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Scale of Assessment</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/253" hreflang="en">National Level</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-nat-rl-categ field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">IUCN National Red List Category</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/419" hreflang="en">Not Evaluated (NE)</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-glob-rl-categ field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">IUCN Global Red List Category</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/417" hreflang="en">Least Concern (LC)</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-green-stat-categ field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Green Status Global Category</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/445" hreflang="en">Not Evaluated</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-yearly-fin-details field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Yearly Financial Flows</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--financial-flow paragraph--view-mode--default"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-socio-econ-sus-ass-new field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item">No assessment recorded</div> <div class="field field--name-field-use-sus-assess-new field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item">Yes, considered sustainable</div> <div class="field field--name-field-field-spp-impact-new field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is there evidence that the use is affecting the conservation status of the species?</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-country-reference field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Country reference</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/11" hreflang="en">Argentina</a></div> </div> Fri, 11 Feb 2022 13:57:22 +0000 Emma_Hemmerle 137 at https://speciesusedatabase.com https://speciesusedatabase.com/node/136 <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Keeping_Blue-fronted Amazon_Argentina</span> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"><span>Emma_Hemmerle</span></span> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden">Fri, 02/11/2022 - 13:39</span> <div class="field field--name-field-aff field--type-string-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Affiliation</div> <div class="field__item">IIED</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-entry-date field--type-datetime field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Date Of Record Entry</div> <div class="field__item"><time datetime="2022-02-11T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">Fri, 02/11/2022 - 12:00</time> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-spp-type field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Type of wild species covered by the record</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item">Wild species used in its natural habitat</div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-val-chain field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Stage of the value chain covered by the record</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-source field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Record Source</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item">“Grey” literature (<em>e.g., NGO reports, case studies, non-detriment studies; project documents etc. (not necessarily peer-reviewed</em>))</div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-sum-rec field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Capture of blue-fronted amazons in Argentina for the pet trade</p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-rl-pop-trend field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item">Decreasing</div> <div class="field field--name-field-endemic field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is the species endemic HIDE</div> <div class="field__item">Yes</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-pop-status field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Population Status</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-int-spp-protect field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item">Formal international protection in place</div> <div class="field field--name-field-int-spp-protect-inplace field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">International Level</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/328" hreflang="en">CITES listing</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-nat-spp-protect field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">National Level</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-glob-threat field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Threats/Pressures impacting the conservation of the species</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/276" hreflang="en">Agriculture</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/279" hreflang="en">Illegal/Unregulated Logging and Wood Extraction</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/280" hreflang="en">Illegal/Unregulated Hunting</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/284" hreflang="en">Climate Change</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/286" hreflang="en">Fire</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-details-site-threats field--type-text-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Additional Details (if available)</div> <div class="field__item"><p>The birds depend on old-growth quebracho forests for nesting habitat, which are being lost to logging and overgrazing. During winter, the blue-fronted amazon may cause damage in citrus orchards in northwest Argentina. For that reason, it has legal pest status in several provinces, allowing its unlimited exploitation or destruction.</p> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-pop-trend field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Population Trend</div> <div class="field__item">Decreasing</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-subnat-spp-protect field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Sub-national Level</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-details-glob-threats field--type-text-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Additional Details (if available)</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Expert opinion of six studied populations indicated that the main threats to the species are agro-industry farming, wood and pulp plantations, agro-industry grazing, capture for the pet trade (local and international), large-scale and selective logging and climate change (Berkunsky et al. 2017a).</p> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-name field--type-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Name</div> <div class="field__item">Emma Hemmerlé</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-species field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--species paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="field field--name-field-sci-name field--type-string field--label-inline clearfix"> <div class="field__label">Scientific Name</div> <div class="field__item">Amazona aestiva</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-comm-name field--type-string field--label-inline clearfix"> <div class="field__label">Common Name(s)</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item">Blue-fronted Amazon</div> <div class="field__item">Turquoise-fronted Amazon</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-use-type field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Type of Use</div> <div class="field__item">Extractive (<em>i.e., the entire organism or parts of the organism are removed from its environment</em>)</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-extrtv-lethal-nonlethal field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">If extractive, for the target species, is this use</div> <div class="field__item">Non-Lethal</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-take-extraction field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Does this use involve take/extraction of</div> <div class="field__item">The whole entire organism</div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-parts-prods field--type-text-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Details of parts/products taken</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Capture of blue-fronted amazons usually involves removal of the entire brood from the nest, destruction of nesting sites, and often felling of trees</p> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-extrtv-use-mode field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">How is the primary use carried out?</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/296" hreflang="en">Hunting and/or Trapping of live Terrestrial and Aerial Animals</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-target-traits field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Are specific characteristics/traits being targeted?</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-use-purpose field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Purpose of Use</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item">Largescale commercial exploitation for trade</div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-end-use field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">What is the main end use for any living organisms, parts or products taken/extracted?</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/308" hreflang="en">Keeping, display or breeding live animals and plants (e.g., pets, horticulture, zoos, botanic gardens)</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-offtake-amount field--type-float field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Amount</div> <div class="field__item">340000.00</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-units-of-measurement field--type-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Units Of Measurement</div> <div class="field__item">Number of individuals</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-time-period-over field--type-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Time period over which this has been recorded</div> <div class="field__item">1981 to 1990</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-offtake-trend field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">What is the trend in the level of offtake within the period covered by this record?</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/334" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-gov-legal field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is there a regulatory or customary regime in place to govern this use? </div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/317" hreflang="en">Yes, formal but regular non compliance</a></div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-details-use-regime field--type-text-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Additional Details (if available)</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Controlling use is practically impossible. The provinces are responsible for wildlife management, but there is no coordination among them or with the federal government. Wildlife agencies do not have enough money, equipment or trained staff, and these problems are aggravated by corruption. Argentina is a signatory to CITES; but weak enforcement of domestic laws makes it difficult to<br /> implement international agreements.</p> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-land field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Geographic Location</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/344" hreflang="en">South America</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-country field--type-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Country</div> <div class="field__item">Argentina</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-site-legal-protect field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is the site legally/formally protected?</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-site-tenure field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Ownership</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/369" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-management field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Management</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/370" hreflang="en">State Managed</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-prim-users field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item">Local people (e.g., individuals, communities, co-operatives)</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-strategy-cons field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is the use part of a strategy to generate conservation incentives, to finance conservation, or to improve tolerance/stewardship?</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-spp-impact field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is there evidence that the use is affecting the conservation status of the species? HIDE</div> <div class="field__item">Yes – use is negatively affecting the status (<em>e.g., population is declining; extraction effort is increasing</em>)</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-impact-nat-select field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is there evidence that the use is affecting natural selection?</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-impact-poaching-iwt field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is there evidence that the use is affecting poaching of illegal wildlife trade? </div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not reported</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-impact-other-spp field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is there any evidence that this use of the species is having a knock-on effect on the status of non-target species</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-habitat-impact field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item">Yes, negative (<em>e.g., it destroys/ degrades it due to over-use</em>)</div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-details-impact-habitat field--type-text-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Additional Details (if available)</div> <div class="field__item"><p>The pet trade contributes to forest destruction and loss of nest sites. To obtain<br /> nestlings, campesinos usually make a hole in the trunk, or even fell the tree, which leaves 95% of the cavities unusable for future nesting attempts. This practice is widespread in the Argentine Chaco and is now extending<br /> to the Paraguayan side (Bucher et al. 1993), steadily destroying prime breeding habitat. Preferred nesting trees are also valuable timber species.</p> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-details-use-sus-assess field--type-text-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Details of assessment carried out</div> <div class="field__item"><p>It is obvious from the widespread and prolonged trends of shrinking range, population fragmentation, and loss or degradation of breeding and wintering habitats that current capture rates are unsustainable.</p> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-finance-flows field--type-boolean field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Has a valuation of financial flows from this use at the site/national/international level been recorded</div> <div class="field__item">No</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-revenue-gdp field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Contribution to GDP</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-details-finance field--type-text-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">If financial benefits accrue disproportionately toward some actors, please explain why</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Buyers in the field (&quot;acopiadores&quot;) pay the hunters US$4-US$6 per parrot. The birds are transported to Buenos Aires by road or air and resold to intermediaries for about US$8 each. Blue-fronted amazons can fetch US$400 or more in pet<br /> stores in industrial countries.</p> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-food field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Food</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-energy field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Energy</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-health field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Medicine/healthcare</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-education field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Education</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-skills field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Training/Skills</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-rights field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Land/Resource Rights</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-decision-making field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Decision Making</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-social-cohesion field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Social Cohesion</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-conflict-people field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Conflict- people</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-conflict-wildlife field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Conflict- wildlife</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-climate-change field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Climate Change</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-health-welfare field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Has the use of the species been recorded as resulting in changes to human health in this record?</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-spp-disease-risk field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Has the species in use been noted as being of particular disease risk to humans?</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-impacts-anim-welf field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Has the use of the species resulted in changes to animal welfare in this record?</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-risk-practises field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Are there particular practices which have increased the risk to human or animal health or welfare in the use of this species?</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-risk-pathogen field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Does the use of this species increase susceptibility to pathogen spread?</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-health-welf-sus-assess field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> <div class="field field--name-field-comm-govern field--type-boolean field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Strong community governance/institutions/rights for wildlife management</div> <div class="field__item">Absent</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-policy-legisln field--type-boolean field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Supportive policy and legislative framework </div> <div class="field__item">Absent</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-capacity field--type-boolean field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Adequate capacity to implement and enforce governance arrangements</div> <div class="field__item">Absent</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-bio-spp field--type-boolean field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Biological characteristics of target species</div> <div class="field__item">Present</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-legal-nonlegal field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is this use legal or illegal?</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/322" hreflang="en">Illegal under national law</a></div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-ref field--type-text-long field--label-inline"> <div class="field__label">Source Reference(s)</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><p>Prescott-Allen, Robert, and Prescott-Allen, Christine (Eds.) (1996). Assessing the Sustainability of Uses of Wild Species - Case Studies and Initial Assessment Procedure. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland, and Cambridge, UK. pp. iv + 135.</p> </div> <div class="field__item"><p>Capture of blue-fronted amazons in Argentina.<br /> Enrique H. Bucher</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-neg-spp field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>it is obvious from the widespread and prolonged trends of shrinking range, population fragmentation, and loss or degradation of breeding and wintering habitats that current capture rates are unsustainable.</p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-threats-pressures-impactin field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Threats/pressures impacting the species at the scale of this record</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/276" hreflang="en">Agriculture</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/279" hreflang="en">Illegal/Unregulated Logging and Wood Extraction</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/290" hreflang="en">Direct Persecution</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-use-categ field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Who is involved in the use?</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/383" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-details-users field--type-text-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Additional details of specific groups</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Nestlings are collected by rural people, both residents (&quot;puesteros&quot;) and axe-men (&quot;hacheros&quot;) who work temporarily in the forest as loggers.</p> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-loc-comm-roles field--type-text-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">How are local community members involved?</div> <div class="field__item"><p>As collectors</p> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-gender-age field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is there any gender/age specificity in the various roles</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-local-jobs-categ field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">How many of these local jobs accure to the following categories?</div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--jobs-demographic paragraph--view-mode--default"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-nonlocal-jobs-category field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">How many people outside the local area are employed</div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--jobs-demographic paragraph--view-mode--default"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-econ-benefits field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is there any evidence of other economic benefits associated with this use beyond direct income and jobs</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/Not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-scale-of-assess field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Scale of Assessment</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/253" hreflang="en">National Level</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-nat-rl-categ field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">IUCN National Red List Category</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/419" hreflang="en">Not Evaluated (NE)</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-glob-rl-categ field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">IUCN Global Red List Category</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/416" hreflang="en">Near Threatened (NT)</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-green-stat-categ field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Green Status Global Category</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/445" hreflang="en">Not Evaluated</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-yearly-fin-details field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Yearly Financial Flows</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--financial-flow paragraph--view-mode--default"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-amount-range-gdp field--type-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Amount (single figure or range)</div> <div class="field__item">$4-$6 per parrot</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-amount-range-nonlocal field--type-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Amount (single figure or range)</div> <div class="field__item">$8 per parrot</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-socio-econ-sus-ass-new field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item">No assessment recorded</div> <div class="field field--name-field-use-sus-assess-new field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item">Yes, considered unsustainable</div> <div class="field field--name-field-field-spp-impact-new field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is there evidence that the use is affecting the conservation status of the species?</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-country-reference field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Country reference</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/11" hreflang="en">Argentina</a></div> </div> Fri, 11 Feb 2022 13:39:33 +0000 Emma_Hemmerle 136 at https://speciesusedatabase.com https://speciesusedatabase.com/node/57 <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Hunting_Culpeo_Argentina </span> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"><span>Emma_Hemmerle</span></span> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden">Wed, 01/19/2022 - 10:57</span> <div class="field field--name-field-aff field--type-string-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Affiliation</div> <div class="field__item">IIED</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-entry-date field--type-datetime field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Date Of Record Entry</div> <div class="field__item"><time datetime="2022-01-19T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">Wed, 01/19/2022 - 12:00</time> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-spp-type field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Type of wild species covered by the record</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item">Wild species used in its natural habitat</div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-val-chain field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Stage of the value chain covered by the record</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item">Primary Producer/harvester (<em>e.g., NTFP collectors, egg collectors</em>)</div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-source field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Record Source</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item">Scientific publication (<em>e.g., journal articles and book chapters independently peer-reviewed</em>)</div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-sum-rec field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Sustainability of harvest of culpeo foxes in Patagonia</p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-rl-pop-trend field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item">Stable</div> <div class="field field--name-field-endemic field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is the species endemic HIDE</div> <div class="field__item">No</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-pop-status field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Population Status</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-int-spp-protect field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item">Formal international protection in place</div> <div class="field field--name-field-int-spp-protect-inplace field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">International Level</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/328" hreflang="en">CITES listing</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-nat-spp-protect field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">National Level</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-glob-threat field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Threats/Pressures impacting the conservation of the species</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/280" hreflang="en">Illegal/Unregulated Hunting</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/291" hreflang="en">Invasive Species</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-pop-trend field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Population Trend</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-subnat-spp-protect field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Sub-national Level</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-details-glob-threats field--type-text-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Additional Details (if available)</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Main threats to Culpeos have been hunting and trapping for fur (although trade has decreased in the last decade) and persecution to reduce predation on livestock and poultry (Travaini et al. 2000, Lucherini and Merino 2008). Although illegal, the use of poison to reduce or prevent livestock losses caused by Culpeos is still widespread in some parts of its range, including remote areas of the high Andes (García Brea et al. 2010, M. Lucherini pers. comm. 2015.). Habitat loss does not appear to be an important threat to this species. Predation by feral and domestic dogs may be important in some areas (Novaro 1997b).</p> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-name field--type-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Name</div> <div class="field__item">Emma Hemmerlé</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-species field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--species paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="field field--name-field-sci-name field--type-string field--label-inline clearfix"> <div class="field__label">Scientific Name</div> <div class="field__item">Lycalopex culpaeus</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-comm-name field--type-string field--label-inline clearfix"> <div class="field__label">Common Name(s)</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item">Culpeo </div> <div class="field__item">Zorro Culpeo </div> <div class="field__item">Andean Zorro </div> <div class="field__item">Andean fox </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-use-type field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Type of Use</div> <div class="field__item">Extractive (<em>i.e., the entire organism or parts of the organism are removed from its environment</em>)</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-extrtv-lethal-nonlethal field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">If extractive, for the target species, is this use</div> <div class="field__item">Lethal</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-take-extraction field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Does this use involve take/extraction of</div> <div class="field__item">The whole entire organism</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-extrtv-use-mode field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">How is the primary use carried out?</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/296" hreflang="en">Hunting and/or Trapping of live Terrestrial and Aerial Animals</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-target-traits field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Are specific characteristics/traits being targeted?</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-use-purpose field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Purpose of Use</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item">Basic subsistence (meeting day to day essential needs)</div> <div class="field__item">Income generation from trade at individual or household or community</div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-details-purpose-use field--type-text-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Additional Details (if available)</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Culpeo fox hunting, in particular, is directed towards reducing sheep predation (Bellati and von Thungen, 1990) and is also an important source of income for rural people.</p> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-end-use field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">What is the main end use for any living organisms, parts or products taken/extracted?</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/304" hreflang="en">Food for People</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/311" hreflang="en">Ornamentation, decoration and apparel</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-time-period-over field--type-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Time period over which this has been recorded</div> <div class="field__item">1989-1993</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-offtake-trend field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">What is the trend in the level of offtake within the period covered by this record?</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/332" hreflang="en">Decreasing</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-gov-legal field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is there a regulatory or customary regime in place to govern this use? </div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/320" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-land field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Geographic Location</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/344" hreflang="en">South America</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-country field--type-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Country</div> <div class="field__item">Argentina</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-state field--type-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Sub region/state</div> <div class="field__item">Patagonia </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-site-name field--type-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Name</div> <div class="field__item">Neuquen Province</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-site-legal-protect field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is the site legally/formally protected?</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-site-tenure field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Ownership</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/369" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-management field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Management</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/373" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-prim-users field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item">Local people (e.g., individuals, communities, co-operatives)</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-strategy-cons field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is the use part of a strategy to generate conservation incentives, to finance conservation, or to improve tolerance/stewardship?</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-spp-impact field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is there evidence that the use is affecting the conservation status of the species? HIDE</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-impact-nat-select field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is there evidence that the use is affecting natural selection?</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-impact-poaching-iwt field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is there evidence that the use is affecting poaching of illegal wildlife trade? </div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not reported</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-impact-other-spp field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is there any evidence that this use of the species is having a knock-on effect on the status of non-target species</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-habitat-impact field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-details-use-sus-assess field--type-text-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Details of assessment carried out</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Monitoring of fox densities and harvest rates over 5 years on six ranches revealed that, despite intense hunting, the numbers of foxes remained little changed. On the other hand, life-table analysis suggested that the levels of hunting pressure on four ranches were too high to allow fox populations to persist unless they were boosted by immigration.</p> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-finance-flows field--type-boolean field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Has a valuation of financial flows from this use at the site/national/international level been recorded</div> <div class="field__item">No</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-revenue-gdp field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Contribution to GDP</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-food field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Food</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-energy field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Energy</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-health field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Medicine/healthcare</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-education field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Education</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-skills field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Training/Skills</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-rights field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Land/Resource Rights</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-decision-making field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Decision Making</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-social-cohesion field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Social Cohesion</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-conflict-people field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Conflict- people</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-conflict-wildlife field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Conflict- wildlife</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-climate-change field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Climate Change</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-details-socio-eco-assess field--type-text-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Details of assessment</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Wildlife hunting, for meat and skins, is an important component of the rural economy in Argentinian Patagonia;</p> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-health-welfare field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Has the use of the species been recorded as resulting in changes to human health in this record?</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-spp-disease-risk field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Has the species in use been noted as being of particular disease risk to humans?</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-impacts-anim-welf field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Has the use of the species resulted in changes to animal welfare in this record?</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-risk-practises field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Are there particular practices which have increased the risk to human or animal health or welfare in the use of this species?</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-risk-pathogen field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Does the use of this species increase susceptibility to pathogen spread?</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-health-welf-sus-assess field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> <div class="field field--name-field-bio-spp field--type-boolean field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Biological characteristics of target species</div> <div class="field__item">Absent</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-legal-nonlegal field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is this use legal or illegal?</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/326" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-ref field--type-text-long field--label-inline"> <div class="field__label">Source Reference(s)</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><p>Novaro, A. (1995). Sustainability of harvest of culpeo foxes in Patagonia. Oryx, 29(1), 18-22. doi:10.1017/S0030605300020822</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-use-categ field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Who is involved in the use?</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/383" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-gender-age field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is there any gender/age specificity in the various roles</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-local-jobs-categ field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">How many of these local jobs accure to the following categories?</div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--jobs-demographic paragraph--view-mode--default"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-nonlocal-jobs-category field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">How many people outside the local area are employed</div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--jobs-demographic paragraph--view-mode--default"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-econ-benefits field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is there any evidence of other economic benefits associated with this use beyond direct income and jobs</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/Not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-scale-of-assess field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Scale of Assessment</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/252" hreflang="en">Sub-national</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-nat-rl-categ field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">IUCN National Red List Category</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/419" hreflang="en">Not Evaluated (NE)</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-glob-rl-categ field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">IUCN Global Red List Category</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/417" hreflang="en">Least Concern (LC)</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-green-stat-categ field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Green Status Global Category</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/420" hreflang="en">Indeterminate</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-yearly-fin-details field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Yearly Financial Flows</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--financial-flow paragraph--view-mode--default"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-socio-econ-sus-ass-new field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item">Sustainability not determined</div> <div class="field field--name-field-use-sus-assess-new field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item">Sustainability not determined</div> <div class="field field--name-field-country-reference field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Country reference</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/11" hreflang="en">Argentina</a></div> </div> Wed, 19 Jan 2022 10:57:55 +0000 Emma_Hemmerle 57 at https://speciesusedatabase.com https://speciesusedatabase.com/node/36 <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Harvesting_Yellow Anaconda_Argentina</span> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"><span>Emma_Hemmerle</span></span> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden">Mon, 01/10/2022 - 16:20</span> <div class="field field--name-field-record-date field--type-datetime field--label-hidden field__item"><time datetime="2020-11-20T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">Fri, 11/20/2020 - 12:00</time> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-aff field--type-string-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Affiliation</div> <div class="field__item">IIED</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-entry-date field--type-datetime field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Date Of Record Entry</div> <div class="field__item"><time datetime="2022-01-10T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">Mon, 01/10/2022 - 12:00</time> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-spp-type field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Type of wild species covered by the record</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item">Wild species used in its natural habitat</div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-val-chain field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Stage of the value chain covered by the record</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item">Primary Producer/harvester (<em>e.g., NTFP collectors, egg collectors</em>)</div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-source field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Record Source</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item">Scientific publication (<em>e.g., journal articles and book chapters independently peer-reviewed</em>)</div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-sum-rec field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Assessing the sustainability of yellow anaconda (Eunectes notaeus) harvest in northeastern Argentina</p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-rl-pop-trend field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item">Stable</div> <div class="field field--name-field-endemic field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is the species endemic HIDE</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-pop-status field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Population Status</div> <div class="field__item">Common and wildly distributed</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-int-spp-protect field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item">Formal international protection in place</div> <div class="field field--name-field-int-spp-protect-inplace field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">International Level</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/328" hreflang="en">CITES listing</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-nat-spp-protect field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">National Level</div> <div class="field__item">Formal national protection in place</div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-nat-spp-protect-details field--type-text field--label-hidden field__item"><p>In 2002, a management program for the species—hereafter Programa Curiyú—was developed and remains in operation to the present day.</p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-glob-threat field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Threats/Pressures impacting the conservation of the species</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/276" hreflang="en">Agriculture</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/280" hreflang="en">Illegal/Unregulated Hunting</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/287" hreflang="en">Dams and other System Modifications</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-pop-trend field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Population Trend</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-subnat-spp-protect field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Sub-national Level</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-name field--type-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Name</div> <div class="field__item">Emma Hemmerlé</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-species field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--species paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="field field--name-field-sci-name field--type-string field--label-inline clearfix"> <div class="field__label">Scientific Name</div> <div class="field__item">Eunectes notaeus</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-comm-name field--type-string field--label-inline clearfix"> <div class="field__label">Common Name(s)</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item">Yellow Anaconda</div> <div class="field__item">boa curiyú</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-use-type field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Type of Use</div> <div class="field__item">Extractive (<em>i.e., the entire organism or parts of the organism are removed from its environment</em>)</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-extrtv-lethal-nonlethal field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">If extractive, for the target species, is this use</div> <div class="field__item">Lethal</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-take-extraction field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Does this use involve take/extraction of</div> <div class="field__item">The whole entire organism</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-extrtv-use-mode field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">How is the primary use carried out?</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/296" hreflang="en">Hunting and/or Trapping of live Terrestrial and Aerial Animals</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-target-traits field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Are specific characteristics/traits being targeted?</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-use-purpose field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Purpose of Use</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item">Income generation from trade at individual or household or community</div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-details-purpose-use field--type-text-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Additional Details (if available)</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Yellow anaconda is typically harvested for leather sales.</p> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-end-use field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">What is the main end use for any living organisms, parts or products taken/extracted?</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/311" hreflang="en">Ornamentation, decoration and apparel</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-offtake-amount field--type-float field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Amount</div> <div class="field__item">54950.00</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-units-of-measurement field--type-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Units Of Measurement</div> <div class="field__item">number of anacondas harvested</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-time-period-over field--type-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Time period over which this has been recorded</div> <div class="field__item">2002-2017</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-offtake-trend field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">What is the trend in the level of offtake within the period covered by this record?</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/332" hreflang="en">Decreasing</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-gov-legal field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is there a regulatory or customary regime in place to govern this use? </div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/315" hreflang="en">Yes, formal (e.g., quotas, viewing or catch-size limits) and complied with</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-land field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Geographic Location</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/344" hreflang="en">South America</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-country field--type-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Country</div> <div class="field__item">Argentina</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-state field--type-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Sub region/state</div> <div class="field__item">La Estrella marsh, North-eastern Argentina </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-site-legal-protect field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is the site legally/formally protected?</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-site-tenure field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Ownership</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/369" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-management field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Management</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/373" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-strategy-cons field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is the use part of a strategy to generate conservation incentives, to finance conservation, or to improve tolerance/stewardship?</div> <div class="field__item">Yes</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-spp-impact field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is there evidence that the use is affecting the conservation status of the species? HIDE</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-impact-nat-select field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is there evidence that the use is affecting natural selection?</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-impact-poaching-iwt field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is there evidence that the use is affecting poaching of illegal wildlife trade? </div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not reported</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-impact-other-spp field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is there any evidence that this use of the species is having a knock-on effect on the status of non-target species</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-habitat-impact field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> <div class="field field--name-field-use-sus-assess field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item">Yes, considered sustainable</div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-details-use-sus-assess field--type-text-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Details of assessment carried out</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Authors show that the levels of species exploitation are sustainable. The gradual reduction in the annual hunting effort, due to a decrease in number of hunters and hunting season duration, reduced the total number of anacondas harvested. Conversely, captures per unit effort increased across the study time-period. Concluded that the harvest was sustainable, since there were no significant declines on analysed parameters over the study period (2002-present).</p> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-finance-flows field--type-boolean field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Has a valuation of financial flows from this use at the site/national/international level been recorded</div> <div class="field__item">No</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-revenue-gdp field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Contribution to GDP</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-food field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Food</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-energy field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Energy</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-education field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Education</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-skills field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Training/Skills</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-rights field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Land/Resource Rights</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-decision-making field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Decision Making</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-social-cohesion field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Social Cohesion</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-conflict-people field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Conflict- people</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-conflict-wildlife field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Conflict- wildlife</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-climate-change field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Climate Change</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/377" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-socio-econ-sus-ass field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Has any assessment of socio-economic sustainability been recorded</div> <div class="field__item">Yes, considered sustainable</div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-details-socio-eco-assess field--type-text-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Details of assessment</div> <div class="field__item"><p>The program is bringing monetary and social benefits to traditional communities.<br /> However, benefits from participation are not constant. For instance, as a consequence of the 2013 drought, the hunting was prohibited during this particular year, with a subsequent decline in Programa Curiyú productivity, the abandonment of this activity by hunters who sought alternative sources of employment, and a reduction of income of those hunters who remained accredited to the program</p> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-health-welfare field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Has the use of the species been recorded as resulting in changes to human health in this record?</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-spp-disease-risk field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Has the species in use been noted as being of particular disease risk to humans?</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-impacts-anim-welf field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Has the use of the species resulted in changes to animal welfare in this record?</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-risk-practises field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Are there particular practices which have increased the risk to human or animal health or welfare in the use of this species?</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-risk-pathogen field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Does the use of this species increase susceptibility to pathogen spread?</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-health-welf-sus-assess field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> <div class="field field--name-field-comm-govern field--type-boolean field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Strong community governance/institutions/rights for wildlife management</div> <div class="field__item">Absent</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-policy-legisln field--type-boolean field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Supportive policy and legislative framework </div> <div class="field__item">Absent</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-capacity field--type-boolean field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Adequate capacity to implement and enforce governance arrangements</div> <div class="field__item">Absent</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-legal-protect-trad-cult field--type-boolean field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Good alignment of legal protections with local cultural values and traditional </div> <div class="field__item">Absent</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-support-from-ngos field--type-boolean field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Support from NGOs</div> <div class="field__item">Absent</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-support-from-government field--type-boolean field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Support from Government</div> <div class="field__item">Absent</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-finance-gain field--type-boolean field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">High financial returns from use</div> <div class="field__item">Absent</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-spp-pop field--type-boolean field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Abundant population of target species</div> <div class="field__item">Absent</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-bio-spp field--type-boolean field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Biological characteristics of target species</div> <div class="field__item">Absent</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-cap-build field--type-boolean field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Capacity building of community</div> <div class="field__item">Absent</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-mgmnt-plan field--type-boolean field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Establishment and implementation of species and/or area management plan </div> <div class="field__item">Present</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-certification field--type-boolean field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Effective private sector approach engagement through certification</div> <div class="field__item">Absent</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-benefit-sharing field--type-boolean field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Good benefit-sharing mechanism</div> <div class="field__item">Absent</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-market-strategies field--type-boolean field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Good Market Strategies</div> <div class="field__item">Absent</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-legal-nonlegal field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is this use legal or illegal?</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/321" hreflang="en">Legal under national law</a></div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-ref field--type-text-long field--label-inline"> <div class="field__label">Source Reference(s)</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><p>Camera, B., Stüssmann, C., Quintana, I., Waller, T., Barros, M., &amp; Draque, J. et al. (2020). Assessing the sustainability of yellow anaconda (Eunectes notaeus) harvest in northeastern Argentina. doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-109402/v1</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-strategy-details field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>adaptive management through limiting the minimum anaconda length, number of hunters and restricting the hunting season. Despite an observed decrease in annual captures, this is related to the reduction in hunting effort, and not to a decline in the availability of anacondas in the marsh.</p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-use-categ field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Who is involved in the use?</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/383" hreflang="en">Unknown/Not Recorded</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-gender-age field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is there any gender/age specificity in the various roles</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-local-jobs-categ field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">How many of these local jobs accure to the following categories?</div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--jobs-demographic paragraph--view-mode--default"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-nonlocal-jobs-category field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">How many people outside the local area are employed</div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--jobs-demographic paragraph--view-mode--default"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-econ-benefits field--type-list-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Is there any evidence of other economic benefits associated with this use beyond direct income and jobs</div> <div class="field__item">Unknown/Not recorded</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-scale-of-assess field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Scale of Assessment</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/251" hreflang="en">Individual Site</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-nat-rl-categ field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">IUCN National Red List Category</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/419" hreflang="en">Not Evaluated (NE)</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-glob-rl-categ field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">IUCN Global Red List Category</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/417" hreflang="en">Least Concern (LC)</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-green-stat-categ field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Green Status Global Category</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/420" hreflang="en">Indeterminate</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-yearly-fin-details field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Yearly Financial Flows</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--financial-flow paragraph--view-mode--default"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-country-reference field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Country reference</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/11" hreflang="en">Argentina</a></div> </div> Mon, 10 Jan 2022 16:20:15 +0000 Emma_Hemmerle 36 at https://speciesusedatabase.com