Species Use Database

American ginseng
Panax quinquefolius

Used for Medicine and hygiene in United States

A. Species

Scientific name: Panax quinquefolius

Common name(s): American ginseng

Global IUCN Red List Threat Status:


B. Location of use

Geographic location(s):

  • United States

Country/Region:


C. Scale of assessment

Scale of assessment: National Level

Name/Details of location: United States


D. Timescale of use

Start Year: 1995

End Year: 2007


E. Information about the use

How is the wild species sourced?: Wild species sourced from its natural habitat

Type of use: Extractive

Practice of use: Gathering/Cutting/Collecting terrestrial plants and fungi or their products from the wild

Lethal or non-lethal: Lethal

Does this use involve take/extraction of: The whole entire organism

Purpose(s) of end use: Medicine and hygiene

Motivation of use: Largescale commercial exploitation for trade

Is this use legal or illegal?: Legal under national law


F. Information about the Users

Which stakeholder(s) does the record primarily focus on?: National / local private sector


G. Information about the sustainability of use

Is there evidence that the use is having an impact on the target species?: Wild species sourced from its natural habitat

Has an assessment (or judgement) of sustainability of the use of the target species from an ecological perspective been recorded?: Yes, considered sustainable

Details of assessment carried out: This CITES NDF Case study.

Brief summary on why the use has been assessed/judged to be sustainable or unsustainable: A recent study initiated by the U.S. Scientific Authority found a positive relationship between State / county harvest data and predicted abundance levels of P. quinquefolius based on field census data. In most States, harvesters are required and encouraged to plant seeds of harvested plants near the vicinity of where plants are growing (e.g., within 30 m).

Has an assessment (or judgement) of sustainability of the use of the target species from an economic perspective been recorded?: No, sustainability not determined

Details of assessment carried out: This CITES NDF Case study.

Brief summary on why the use has been assessed/judged to be sustainable or unsustainable: Given management in place to promote ecological sustainability and that almost 30 tonnes of ginseng root are exported each year, this use is implicitly of economic value and appears sustainable.

Has an assessment (or judgement) of sustainability of the use of the target species from a social perspective been recorded?: not recorded

Has an assessment (or judgement) of sustainability of the use of the target species from a human health perspective been recorded?: Yes, considered sustainable

Details of assessment carried out: This CITES NDF Case study.

Brief summary on why the use has been assessed/judged to be sustainable or unsustainable: This aromatic root has been used in East Asia for over 200 years for a wide variety of health concerns caused by stress, overwork, poor diet, sleep difficulties, traumatic injuries, and aging.

Has an assessment (or judgement) of sustainability of the use of the target species from an animal health/welfare perspective been recorded?: not recorded


Recommendations provided in the record to maintain or enhance the sustainability of the use of the target species

In order to ensure that the harvest is sustainable and does not impact the long-term viability of the species, an adaptive management approach that provides flexibility for relevant institutions and stakeholders to react to changing conditions (e.g., invasive species, disease, predators) is useful so that adjustments can be made in a timely manner (e.g., revise harvest regulations, restrict exports, establish annual quotas, or etc.)


Record source

Information about the record source: grey_lit

Date of publication/issue/production: 2008-01-01T00:00:00+0000

Source Reference(s):

THE YIN AND THE YANG OF GINSENG – MAKING
A NON-DETRIMENT FINDING FOR PANAX
QUINQUEFOLIUS: A CASE STUDY WITH TWO PERSPECTIVES (UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND CANADA) (2008).
By Patricia Ford.
U.S. Scientific Authority. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 4401 N. Fairfax Dr., Suite 110
Arlington, Virginia, U.S.A. 22203.
NDF WORKSHOP CASE STUDIES
WG 2 – Perennials
CASE STUDY 6
Panax quinquefolius
Country – UNITED STATES

Date of record entry: 2023-09-26