Species Use Database

Japanese eel
Anguilla japonica

Used for Food and feed and Conservation Management in Honshu

A. Species

Scientific name: Anguilla japonica

Common name(s): Japanese eel

Global IUCN Red List Threat Status: Endangered


B. Location of use

Geographic location(s):

  • Honshu

Country/Region: Japan


C. Scale of assessment

Scale of assessment: Sub-national / Sub-region / Sub-State

Name/Details of location: Kojima Bay-Asahi River system, Okayama Prefecture


D. Timescale of use

Start Year: 2003

End Year: 2020


E. Information about the use

How is the wild species sourced?: Wild species sourced from its natural habitat

Type of use: Extractive

Practice of use: Targeted fishing harvesting/exploiting or collecting wild aquatic resources

Lethal or non-lethal: Lethal

Does this use involve take/extraction of: The whole entire organism

Purpose(s) of end use: Food and feed and Conservation Management

Motivation of use: Basic subsistence, Income generation from trade (individual/household/community), Population/Area Management and Climate Change Nature Based Solution / Adaptation Measure

Is this use legal or illegal?: Legal under national law


F. Information about the Users

Which stakeholder(s) does the record primarily focus on?: Local people and National / local private sector


G. Information about the sustainability of use

Is there evidence that the use is having an impact on the target species?: Wild species sourced from its natural habitat

Has an assessment (or judgement) of sustainability of the use of the target species from an ecological perspective been recorded?: Yes, considered unsustainable

Details of assessment carried out: Data presented in this study and others

Brief summary on why the use has been assessed/judged to be sustainable or unsustainable: Various studies cited in this publication have shown that overfishing is likely the most important factor contributing to the decline of Japanese eel populations. Authors conclude that "Based on the results obtained in this study, we concluded that the closure of glass eel fisheries was not a sufficient countermeasure to recover the Japanese eel population in the study area. "

Has an assessment (or judgement) of sustainability of the use of the target species from an economic perspective been recorded?: Yes, considered unsustainable

Details of assessment carried out: this study

Brief summary on why the use has been assessed/judged to be sustainable or unsustainable: high demand/ market value result in over-fishing. Protection of eels need collaborative and integrated approach from all Asian countries that eels traverse during their migration

Has an assessment (or judgement) of sustainability of the use of the target species from a social perspective been recorded?: No, sustainability not determined

Details of assessment carried out: this study

Brief summary on why the use has been assessed/judged to be sustainable or unsustainable: high demand/ market value result in over-fishing. Protection of eels need collaborative and integrated approach from all Asian countries that eels traverse during their migration

Has an assessment (or judgement) of sustainability of the use of the target species from a human health perspective been recorded?: not recorded

Has an assessment (or judgement) of sustainability of the use of the target species from an animal health/welfare perspective been recorded?: not recorded


Recommendations provided in the record to maintain or enhance the sustainability of the use of the target species

Authors state: "To conserve and sustainably use Japanese eels, a series of management measures such as habitat restoration and management of yellow and silver eel fisheries are needed along with the control of glass eel fisheries throughout the species distribution range. The Ecosystem Based Management (EBM) approach (i.e., a strategy for the integrated management of land, water and living resources that promotes conservation and sustainable use in an equitable way and which is generally seen not just as a strategy that manages the ecosystems themselves, but rather one that manages the human activities that have an impact on ecosystems and takes these effects into account when making management decisions) might be helpful to progress integrated management at appropriate spatial scales.


Record source

Information about the record source: scientific_pub

Date of publication/issue/production: 2021-01-01T00:00:00+0000

Source Reference(s):

Kaifu, K., Yokouchi, K., Miller, M.J. and Washitani, I., 2021. Management of glass eel fisheries is not a sufficient measure to recover a local Japanese eel population. Marine Policy, 134, p.104806.

Date of record entry: 2022-12-29