Harvesting_Saguaro_Mexico

Affiliation
IIED
Type of wild species covered by the record
Wild species used in its natural habitat
Stage of the value chain covered by the record
Unknown/not recorded
Record Source
“Grey” literature (e.g., NGO reports, case studies, non-detriment studies; project documents etc. (not necessarily peer-reviewed))

Harvesting of Saguaro in Mexico for ornamentation and construction purposes.

Decreasing
Is the species endemic HIDE
Yes
Population Status
Common but only within narrow areas of distribution
Formal international protection in place
International Level
National Level
No formal national protection in place
Threats/Pressures impacting the conservation of the species
Additional Details (if available)

Cattle ranching, particularly the transformation of desert into pastures of exotic buffel grass (Pennisetum ciliare), has extirpated, or severely reduced many local populations contributing to fragmentation;

Population Trend
Unknown/not recorded
Sub-national Level
Unknown/not recorded
Additional Details (if available)

In Mexico, Carnegiea gigantea is primarily threatened by changes in land use for cattle ranching. In the Unites States, this species is primarily threatened by urbanization. Saguaros are also threatened by collection from the wild, including indiscriminate and illegal trade (Paredes et al. 2000). There is a high demand for Saguaro ribs, the internal woody frame of this cactus species, that leads to over-collection. The species is threatened by competition from the invasive buffelgrass (Pennisetum ciliare) and from the increased frequency of fires associated with buffelgrass.

Name
Emma Hemmerlé
Scientific Name
Carnegiea gigantea
Common Name(s)
Saguaro
Type of Use
Extractive (i.e., the entire organism or parts of the organism are removed from its environment)
If extractive, for the target species, is this use
Lethal
Does this use involve take/extraction of
The whole entire organism
Details of parts/products taken

Trade in live wild specimens is carried in a small scale, mainly for ornamental purposes. These are usually limited to plants 1-3 m tall. Harvest of dead ribs for commercial purposes has increased since the 1990s.

Are specific characteristics/traits being targeted?
Unknown/not recorded
Purpose of Use
Basic subsistence (meeting day to day essential needs)
Income generation from trade at individual or household or community
Largescale commercial exploitation for trade
Additional Details (if available)

Harvesting of sahuaro “ribs”, the woody skeleton of dead sahuaros has been carried out by native peoples for centuries. Desert people, relied on these materials for construction, crafts, and firewood. Today, there is great demand, mainly in the USA markets for sahuaro ribs to make furniture and constructions in the “southwest style”.

What is the main end use for any living organisms, parts or products taken/extracted?
What is the trend in the level of offtake within the period covered by this record?
Additional Details (if available)

There is no quota system, but Mexican government authorities have established a moratorium on issuing permits until the sustainable use of ribs is clarified.
Historically there are large discrepancies between the issued permits and the exported quantities reported.

Provide Details of resource rights regime where relevant

As the species is protected in the USA, most stocks of sahuaro ribs have been imported legal and illegally from Mexico.

Geographic Location
Country
Mexico
Local people (e.g., individuals, communities, co-operatives)
National / local private sector
International private sector
If more than one box ticked, please provide more details

traditional use by locals for ornamentation/food, and export to USA as construction material;

Is the use part of a strategy to generate conservation incentives, to finance conservation, or to improve tolerance/stewardship?
Unknown/not recorded
Is there evidence that the use is affecting the conservation status of the species? HIDE
Unknown/not recorded
Is there evidence that the use is affecting natural selection?
Unknown/not recorded
Is there evidence that the use is affecting poaching of illegal wildlife trade?
Unknown/not reported
Is there any evidence that this use of the species is having a knock-on effect on the status of non-target species
Unknown/not recorded
Unknown/not recorded
Has a valuation of financial flows from this use at the site/national/international level been recorded
No
Contribution to GDP
Unknown/not recorded
Medicine/healthcare
Training/Skills
Land/Resource Rights
Decision Making
Social Cohesion
Conflict- people
Conflict- wildlife
Climate Change
Has the use of the species been recorded as resulting in changes to human health in this record?
Unknown/not recorded
Has the species in use been noted as being of particular disease risk to humans?
Unknown/not recorded
Has the use of the species resulted in changes to animal welfare in this record?
Unknown/not recorded
Are there particular practices which have increased the risk to human or animal health or welfare in the use of this species?
Unknown/not recorded
Does the use of this species increase susceptibility to pathogen spread?
Unknown/not recorded
Unknown/not recorded
Biological characteristics of target species
Absent
Source Reference(s)

Búrquez, A. (n.d.) NDF Workshop Case Studies WG 3 – Succulents and Cycads: Sahuaro (Carnegiea gigantea) In Mexico.

Threats/pressures impacting the species at the scale of this record
Who is involved in the use?
Is there any gender/age specificity in the various roles
Unknown/not recorded
How many of these local jobs accure to the following categories?
How many people outside the local area are employed
Is there any evidence of other economic benefits associated with this use beyond direct income and jobs
Unknown/Not recorded
Scale of Assessment
IUCN National Red List Category
IUCN Global Red List Category
Green Status Global Category
Yearly Financial Flows
Other
Gathering terrestrial plants;
Other
Gathering terrestrial plants;
No assessment recorded
No assessment has been recorded
Country reference