Hunting_Grey-faced petrel_New Zealand

Affiliation
IIED
Type of wild species covered by the record
Wild species used in its natural habitat
Stage of the value chain covered by the record
Primary Producer/harvester (e.g., NTFP collectors, egg collectors)
Record Source
Scientific publication (e.g., journal articles and book chapters independently peer-reviewed)

Insights to the Functional Relationships of Maori Harvest Practices: Customary Use of a Burrowing Seahird;

Decreasing
Is the species endemic HIDE
Unknown
Population Status
Unknown/not recorded
No formal international protection in place
National Level
Unknown/not recorded
Threats/Pressures impacting the conservation of the species
Population Trend
Unknown/not recorded
Sub-national Level
Unknown/not recorded
Additional Details (if available)

Invasive mammalian predators are the main threat faced by the Grey-faced Petrel. Cats, Polynesian Rats, Brown Rats, House Rats, stoats and pigs are all thought to cause population declines through nest depredation causing a loss of reproductive success, with cats also taking adults. Eradication efforts have taken place to reduce the population of both cats and Polynesian Rats. The removal of each species from breeding islands resulted in an increase in the population of Grey-faced Petrels (Greene et al. 2015). Cats remain on one breeding island and are present throughout the mainland distribution outside of fenced areas, while Polynesian Rats remain in some areas of its range. Brown Rats and House Rats remain on nine and fourteen breeding islands, respectively. The species is still legally harvested on some offshore islands in the Bay of Plenty and Hauraki Gulf; however, attempts have been made to ensure that current harvest is sustainable (Greene et al. 2015).

Name
Emma Hemmerlé
Scientific Name
Pterodroma gouldi
Common Name(s)
Grey-face petrel
Type of Use
Extractive (i.e., the entire organism or parts of the organism are removed from its environment)
If extractive, for the target species, is this use
Lethal
Does this use involve take/extraction of
The whole entire organism
Are specific characteristics/traits being targeted?
Yes

By harvesting pre-fledging chicks, rather than adults

Purpose of Use
Basic subsistence (meeting day to day essential needs)
Cultural/spiritual
What is the main end use for any living organisms, parts or products taken/extracted?
What is the trend in the level of offtake within the period covered by this record?
Additional Details (if available)

customary guidelines based on indigenous knowledge that guides the harvesting techniques they use.

Geographic Location
Country
New Zealand
Site Description

Data for our models were originally derived from stud conducted at 2 grey-faced petrel colonies (1 mainl Mauao—Mt Maunganui [37°37' S; 176°10' E] and 1 shore island: Moutohora—Whale Island [36°51' S, 176 E]) located along the east coast of the North Island, Zealand (Jones et al. 2011, 2015£; We based our models on the Moutohora colony because a growing population where a customary harvest of grey faced petrel chicks has recently been re-established (Jo et al. 2015a).

Local people (e.g., individuals, communities, co-operatives)
If more than one box ticked, please provide more details

harvesting by local Maori populations;

Is the use part of a strategy to generate conservation incentives, to finance conservation, or to improve tolerance/stewardship?
Unknown/not recorded
Is there evidence that the use is affecting the conservation status of the species? HIDE
Yes – use is improving the status (e.g., population is increasing or stabilising, extraction effort OR catch per unit effort is decreasing or stable)
Is there evidence that the use is affecting natural selection?
Unknown/not recorded
Is there evidence that the use is affecting poaching of illegal wildlife trade?
Unknown/not reported

results indicated that customary practices for the harvesting of the bird species was likely to be effective in sustaining growing populations of burrow-nesting seabirds;

Is there any evidence that this use of the species is having a knock-on effect on the status of non-target species
Unknown/not recorded
Unknown/not recorded
Details of assessment carried out

The cultural practice of rotating harvests or resting populations was effective; harvesting every 3 years allowed up to 75% of chicks to be taken without causing the theoretical population to decline. Maori's harvesting techniques, such as the harvesting of chicks rather than adults, promote the sustainability of the practice. In addition ,they recognize thresholds where chick survival also becomes important to the long terms survival of populations, and integrate that to their practices; only harvesting the chicks that are within arm's reach inside the burrows further ensures that a sustainable proportional harvest threshold would not be exceeded. rotating harvest among breeding colonies every couple of years also had a positive impact on the growth rate of the grey-face petrel populations.

Has a valuation of financial flows from this use at the site/national/international level been recorded
No
Contribution to GDP
Unknown/not recorded
Medicine/healthcare
Training/Skills
Land/Resource Rights
Decision Making
Social Cohesion
Conflict- people
Conflict- wildlife
Climate Change
Has the use of the species been recorded as resulting in changes to human health in this record?
Unknown/not recorded
Has the species in use been noted as being of particular disease risk to humans?
Unknown/not recorded
Has the use of the species resulted in changes to animal welfare in this record?
Unknown/not recorded
Are there particular practices which have increased the risk to human or animal health or welfare in the use of this species?
Unknown/not recorded
Does the use of this species increase susceptibility to pathogen spread?
Unknown/not recorded
Unknown/not recorded
High financial returns from use
Absent
Biological characteristics of target species
Absent
Establishment and implementation of species and/or area management plan
Absent
Source Reference(s)

LYVER, P. O., JONES, C. J., BELSHAW, N., ANDERSON, A., THOMPSON, R., & DAVIS, J. (2015). Insights to the Functional Relationships of Māori Harvest Practices: Customary Use of a Burrowing Seabird. The Journal of Wildlife Management, 79(6), 969–977. http://www.jstor.org/stable/24763902

Threats/pressures impacting the species at the scale of this record
Who is involved in the use?
Is there any gender/age specificity in the various roles
Unknown/not recorded
How many of these local jobs accure to the following categories?
How many people outside the local area are employed
Is there any evidence of other economic benefits associated with this use beyond direct income and jobs
Unknown/Not recorded
Scale of Assessment
IUCN National Red List Category
IUCN Global Red List Category
Green Status Global Category
Yearly Financial Flows
No assessment recorded
Yes, considered sustainable
Country reference