Harvesting_Grey Weed_Chile

Affiliation
IIED
Type of wild species covered by the record
Wild species used in its natural habitat
Stage of the value chain covered by the record
Unknown/not recorded
Record Source
Scientific publication (e.g., journal articles and book chapters independently peer-reviewed)

Monitoring the sustainability of Lessonia nigrescens (Laminariales, Phaeophyceae) in northern Chile under strong harvest pressure

Unknown/not recorded
Is the species endemic HIDE
Unknown
Population Status
Unknown/not recorded
No formal international protection in place
National Level
Unknown/not recorded
Population Trend
Unknown/not recorded
Sub-national Level
Unknown/not recorded
Name
Emma Hemmerlé
Scientific Name
Lessonia nigrescens
Common Name(s)
Grey Weed
Giant Grey Weed
Type of Use
Extractive (i.e., the entire organism or parts of the organism are removed from its environment)
If extractive, for the target species, is this use
Non-Lethal
Does this use involve take/extraction of
Only parts or products of the organism (e.g., feathers, leaves, branches, eggs, nuts)
Details of parts/products taken

selective harvest of sporophytes to allow the maintenance of a reproductive stock

Are specific characteristics/traits being targeted?
Unknown/not recorded
Purpose of Use
Largescale commercial exploitation for trade
Additional Details (if available)

extraction of alginic acid, which is used in diverse industrial applications; Only a minor fraction of the annual harvest is used by the Chilean national gel industry or as feed for invertebrate cultures

What is the main end use for any living organisms, parts or products taken/extracted?
Amount
300000.00
Units Of Measurement
wet tons of brown algae landings annually from chile
Time period over which this has been recorded
2012
What is the trend in the level of offtake within the period covered by this record?
Additional Details (if available)

enforcement is difficult due to limited accessibility and the extension of the coastline;

Geographic Location
Country
Chile
Sub region/state
Northern Chile
Site Description

This study was carried out along the northern Chilean coast between 26° and 32°S, where historically most of L. nigrescens harvesting is done;
Four study areas were selected: Totoral Bajo (27,757° S– 71,064° W), Caleta Angosta (28,250° S–71,163° W), Lagunillas (30,103° S–71,383° W), and Talquilla (30,864° S–71,683° W). For the evaluation of harvested populations, we considered MAEBR ( Management Areas for Exploitation of Benthic Resources) and OAA (Open Access Areas. Also, two MPAs with prohibition of extraction and harvesting were evaluated: Isla Grande de Atacama (27,248° S– 70,974° W) and Isla Choros Marine Reserve (29,259° S–71, 535° W).

Local people (e.g., individuals, communities, co-operatives)
National / local private sector
International private sector
Is the use part of a strategy to generate conservation incentives, to finance conservation, or to improve tolerance/stewardship?
Yes
Is there evidence that the use is affecting the conservation status of the species? HIDE
Yes – use is negatively affecting the status (e.g., population is declining; extraction effort is increasing)
Is there evidence that the use is affecting natural selection?
Unknown/not recorded
Is there evidence that the use is affecting poaching of illegal wildlife trade?
Unknown/not reported
Is there any evidence that this use of the species is having a knock-on effect on the status of non-target species
Unknown/not recorded
Unknown/not recorded
Additional Details (if available)

Indiscriminate harvest of foundation species as L . nigrescens can generate a significant impact on the ecosystem with unknown effects;

Has a valuation of financial flows from this use at the site/national/international level been recorded
No
Contribution to GDP
Unknown/not recorded
Medicine/healthcare
Training/Skills
Land/Resource Rights
Decision Making
Social Cohesion
Conflict- people
Conflict- wildlife
Climate Change
Has the use of the species been recorded as resulting in changes to human health in this record?
Unknown/not recorded
Has the species in use been noted as being of particular disease risk to humans?
Unknown/not recorded
Has the use of the species resulted in changes to animal welfare in this record?
Unknown/not recorded
Are there particular practices which have increased the risk to human or animal health or welfare in the use of this species?
Unknown/not recorded
Does the use of this species increase susceptibility to pathogen spread?
Unknown/not recorded
Unknown/not recorded
Supportive policy and legislative framework
Present
Support from Government
Present
Biological characteristics of target species
Absent
Source Reference(s)

Vega, J.M.A., Broitman, B.R. & Vásquez, J.A. Monitoring the sustainability of Lessonia nigrescens (Laminariales, Phaeophyceae) in northern Chile under strong harvest pressure. J Appl Phycol 26, 791–801 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-013-0167-4

Considering the economic, social, and ecological importance of brown macroalgae, and the substantial increase in harvest, the Chilean government has implemented a co-management and conservation plan, surveying the available and harvestable biomass, the strength of harvesting (Capture per Unit Effort—CPUE), and characterizing the chain of production (Vásquez 2008)

In MPA, the annual renewal of kelp populations has a seasonal cycle wherein the natural mortality of adult plants is compensated by intense recruitment (Fig. 3a). In MAEBR, the density of adult plants decreases during the maximum harvest period, preferably executed in spring and summer; however, recruitment of juvenile plants post-harvest maintains the annual cycle of kelp renewal (Fig. 3b). In OAA, where the kelp harvest occurs all year, adult plant density is maintained significantly lower

Who is involved in the use?
Is there any gender/age specificity in the various roles
Unknown/not recorded
How many of these local jobs accure to the following categories?
How many people outside the local area are employed
Is there any evidence of other economic benefits associated with this use beyond direct income and jobs
Unknown/Not recorded
Scale of Assessment
IUCN National Red List Category
IUCN Global Red List Category
Green Status Global Category
Yearly Financial Flows
Country reference