Trophy-hunting_Himalayan ibex_Pakistan

Affiliation
IIED
Type of wild species covered by the record
Wild species used in its natural habitat
Stage of the value chain covered by the record
Entire value chain
Record Source
Scientific publication (e.g., journal articles and book chapters independently peer-reviewed)

Predicting the potential impacts of trophy hunting on population structure of Himalayan ibex (Capra sibirica) in northern Pakistan

Decreasing
Is the species endemic HIDE
No
Population Status
Common and wildly distributed
Formal international protection in place
International Level
National Level
Unknown/not recorded
Population Trend
Increasing
Sub-national Level
Unknown/not recorded
Name
Emma Hemmerlé
Scientific Name
Capra sibirica
Common Name(s)
Himalayan ibex
Type of Use
Extractive (i.e., the entire organism or parts of the organism are removed from its environment)
If extractive, for the target species, is this use
Lethal
Does this use involve take/extraction of
The whole entire organism
Are specific characteristics/traits being targeted?
Yes

Impact of tro- phy hunting on population structures, espe- cially resulting into female biased sex ratios among sexually dimorphic ungulate species has been visibly observed in different parts of the world

Purpose of Use
Income generation from trade at individual or household or community
Recreational
What is the main end use for any living organisms, parts or products taken/extracted?
What is the trend in the level of offtake within the period covered by this record?
Geographic Location
Country
Pakistan
Sub region/state
Northern Pakistan
Local people (e.g., individuals, communities, co-operatives)
National external (individual, groups. e.g., hunters, anglers, photographers, tourists)
International external (individual, groups. e.g., hunters, anglers, photographers, tourists)
Is the use part of a strategy to generate conservation incentives, to finance conservation, or to improve tolerance/stewardship?
Unknown/not recorded
Is there evidence that the use is affecting the conservation status of the species? HIDE
Yes – use is improving the status (e.g., population is increasing or stabilising, extraction effort OR catch per unit effort is decreasing or stable)
Is there evidence that the use is affecting natural selection?
Unknown/not recorded
Is there evidence that the use is affecting poaching of illegal wildlife trade?
Yes, positive (use is helping combat poaching or illegal wildlife trade)

Regarding population size and structure we found that the minimum number of C. sibirica at Khyber was 939 and Hussaini 346 animals, showing considerable increase as compared to the past estimates, i.e., 120 indi- viduals in Khyber during 1998 (IUCN 2006) and 39 in Hussaini during 2002 (WWF Paki- stan – unpublished). Such an increase can be attributed to the community support for con- servation as a result of the benefits of trophy hunting ; Our study also shows increasing populations of C. sibirica as a result of trophy hunting program.

Because under the trophy hunting program 80% share of the hunting revenues goes to the local communities. Consequently, the com- munity forbid illegal hunting themselves and also help the government authorities to stop illegal hunting, resultantly the population of target species increases.

Is there any evidence that this use of the species is having a knock-on effect on the status of non-target species
Unknown/not recorded
Unknown/not recorded
Yes, considered sustainable
Details of assessment carried out

Trophy hunting in northern Pakistan is considered to have contributed to increasing populations of wild ungulates by promot- ing conservation efforts and socio-economic well-being of local people (Jackson 2004) but systematic data is deficient to authenticate such claims.
Regarding population size and structure we found that the minimum number of C. sibirica at Khyber was 939 and Hussaini 346 animals, showing considerable increase as compared to the past estimates, i.e., 120 indi- viduals in Khyber during 1998 (IUCN 2006) and 39 in Hussaini during 2002 (WWF Paki- stan – unpublished). Such an increase can be attributed to the community support for con- servation as a result of the benefits of trophy hunting ;

Has a valuation of financial flows from this use at the site/national/international level been recorded
No
Contribution to GDP
Unknown/not recorded
Training/Skills
Land/Resource Rights
Decision Making
Social Cohesion
Conflict- people
Conflict- wildlife
Climate Change
Has any assessment of socio-economic sustainability been recorded
No assessment recorded
Has the use of the species been recorded as resulting in changes to human health in this record?
Unknown/not recorded
Has the species in use been noted as being of particular disease risk to humans?
Unknown/not recorded
Has the use of the species resulted in changes to animal welfare in this record?
Unknown/not recorded
Are there particular practices which have increased the risk to human or animal health or welfare in the use of this species?
Unknown/not recorded
Does the use of this species increase susceptibility to pathogen spread?
Unknown/not recorded
Unknown/not recorded
Strong community governance/institutions/rights for wildlife management
Absent
Supportive policy and legislative framework
Absent
Adequate capacity to implement and enforce governance arrangements
Absent
Support from NGOs
Absent
Support from Government
Absent
High financial returns from use
Absent
Abundant population of target species
Absent
Biological characteristics of target species
Absent
Capacity building of community
Absent
Establishment and implementation of species and/or area management plan
Absent
Effective private sector approach engagement through certification
Absent
Good benefit-sharing mechanism
Present
Good Market Strategies
Absent
Source Reference(s)

Muhammad Zafar Khan, Farida Begum, Muhammad Riaz, Babar Khan, Rehmat Karim, Karamat Ali, Safina Aman "Predicting the Potential Impacts of Trophy Hunting on Population Structure of Himalayan Ibex (Capra sibirica) in Northern Pakistan," Polish Journal of Ecology, 67(3), 264-270, (9 December 2019)

Who is involved in the use?
Is there any gender/age specificity in the various roles
Unknown/not recorded
How many of these local jobs accure to the following categories?
How many people outside the local area are employed
Is there any evidence of other economic benefits associated with this use beyond direct income and jobs
Unknown/Not recorded
Scale of Assessment
IUCN National Red List Category
IUCN Global Red List Category
Green Status Global Category
Yearly Financial Flows
Country reference