Harvesting_blood red broughtonia_Jamaica

Affiliation
IIED
Type of wild species covered by the record
Wild species used in its natural habitat
Wild species born/bred and raised/produced in captivity or through artificial propagation (e.g., activities such as closed-cycle breeding, horticulture or aquaculture)
Stage of the value chain covered by the record
Entire value chain
Record Source
Scientific publication (e.g., journal articles and book chapters independently peer-reviewed)

Non-detriment findings for international trade in wild orchids from developing countries; A case study for Broughtonia sanguinea in Jamaica

Unknown/not recorded
Is the species endemic HIDE
Yes
Population Status
Common but only within narrow areas of distribution
Formal international protection in place
International Level
National Level
Formal national protection in place

As well as passing legislation to meet CITES re- quirements and conduct trade in all listed species, the government of Jamaica has approved a policy towards orchid conservation. B. sanguinea is regulated in Jamaica, listed on Annex II of the Endangered Sp

Threats/Pressures impacting the conservation of the species
Population Trend
Unknown/not recorded
Sub-national Level
Unknown/not recorded
Name
Emma Hemmerlé
Scientific Name
Broughtonia sanguinea
Common Name(s)
blood red broughtonia
Type of Use
Extractive (i.e., the entire organism or parts of the organism are removed from its environment)
If extractive, for the target species, is this use
Non-Lethal
Does this use involve take/extraction of
Only parts or products of the organism (e.g., feathers, leaves, branches, eggs, nuts)
Details of parts/products taken

B. sanguinea and other epiphytic orchids are normally removed without significant damage to their host tree; felling of trees purely for collection of orchids is rare.

Are specific characteristics/traits being targeted?
Unknown/not recorded
Purpose of Use
Income generation from trade at individual or household or community
What is the main end use for any living organisms, parts or products taken/extracted?
What is the trend in the level of offtake within the period covered by this record?
Geographic Location
Country
Jamaica
Local people (e.g., individuals, communities, co-operatives)
National external (individual, groups. e.g., hunters, anglers, photographers, tourists)
International external (individual, groups. e.g., hunters, anglers, photographers, tourists)
Is the use part of a strategy to generate conservation incentives, to finance conservation, or to improve tolerance/stewardship?
Unknown/not recorded
Is there evidence that the use is affecting the conservation status of the species? HIDE
Unknown/not recorded
Is there evidence that the use is affecting natural selection?
Unknown/not recorded
Is there evidence that the use is affecting poaching of illegal wildlife trade?
Unknown/not reported
Is there any evidence that this use of the species is having a knock-on effect on the status of non-target species
Unknown/not recorded
Unknown/not recorded
Yes, considered unsustainable
Details of assessment carried out

The available data on population density along with ongoing threats to its habitat indicate that the precautionary principle should be followed by progressively reducing the export quota for wild-sourced Broughtonia sanguinea.
With what is known of its population distribution and under the current legislative, conservation and trade framework, it is re- commended that the annual export quota for wild-sourced plants be reduced from the current number of 100 to 50 and thereafter phased down to zero. In addition, it is advised that the move from export of wild-sourced to artificially produced B. sanguinea plants, which started in the early 2000s, be further facilitated, not just for B. sanguinea but for all native orchids

Has a valuation of financial flows from this use at the site/national/international level been recorded
No
Contribution to GDP
Unknown/not recorded
Training/Skills
Land/Resource Rights
Decision Making
Social Cohesion
Conflict- people
Conflict- wildlife
Climate Change
Has any assessment of socio-economic sustainability been recorded
No assessment recorded
Has the use of the species been recorded as resulting in changes to human health in this record?
Unknown/not recorded
Has the species in use been noted as being of particular disease risk to humans?
Unknown/not recorded
Has the use of the species resulted in changes to animal welfare in this record?
Unknown/not recorded
Are there particular practices which have increased the risk to human or animal health or welfare in the use of this species?
Unknown/not recorded
Does the use of this species increase susceptibility to pathogen spread?
Unknown/not recorded
Unknown/not recorded
Strong community governance/institutions/rights for wildlife management
Absent
Supportive policy and legislative framework
Absent
Adequate capacity to implement and enforce governance arrangements
Absent
Support from NGOs
Absent
Support from Government
Absent
High financial returns from use
Absent
Abundant population of target species
Absent
Biological characteristics of target species
Absent
Capacity building of community
Absent
Establishment and implementation of species and/or area management plan
Present
Effective private sector approach engagement through certification
Absent
Good benefit-sharing mechanism
Absent
Good Market Strategies
Absent
Source Reference(s)

Cohen, J., Williams, H., Strong, Y., & Fisher, H. (2020). Non-detriment findings for international trade in wild orchids from developing countries; A case study for Broughtonia sanguinea in Jamaica. Journal For Nature Conservation, 56, 125840. doi: 10.1016/j.jnc.2020.125840

Threats/pressures impacting the species at the scale of this record
Other
At the regional level, Jamaica is a signatory to (but has not yet ratified) The Protocol Concerning SPAWs
Who is involved in the use?
Is there any gender/age specificity in the various roles
Unknown/not recorded
How many of these local jobs accure to the following categories?
How many people outside the local area are employed
Is there any evidence of other economic benefits associated with this use beyond direct income and jobs
Unknown/Not recorded
Scale of Assessment
IUCN National Red List Category
IUCN Global Red List Category
Green Status Global Category
Yearly Financial Flows
Country reference