Harvest_Zanthoxylum chalybeum_Tanzania

Affiliation
IIED
Type of wild species covered by the record
Wild species used in its natural habitat
Wild species used in significantly modified habitat (e.g., oil palm plantations, rice paddies)
Stage of the value chain covered by the record
Primary Producer/harvester (e.g., NTFP collectors, egg collectors)
Record Source
Scientific publication (e.g., journal articles and book chapters independently peer-reviewed)

Conservation and Management Challenges Facing a Medicinal Plant Zanthoxylum chalybeum in Simanjiro Area, Northern Tanzania

Stable
Is the species endemic HIDE
No
Population Status
Unknown/not recorded
Formal international protection in place
International Level
National Level
Unknown/not recorded
Threats/Pressures impacting the conservation of the species
Population Trend
Unknown/not recorded
Sub-national Level
Unknown/not recorded
Name
Emma Hemmerlé
Scientific Name
Zanthoxylum chalybeum
Common Name(s)
Zanthoxylum chalybeum
Type of Use
Extractive (i.e., the entire organism or parts of the organism are removed from its environment)
If extractive, for the target species, is this use
Non-Lethal
Does this use involve take/extraction of
Only parts or products of the organism (e.g., feathers, leaves, branches, eggs, nuts)
Details of parts/products taken

The most used plant parts for medicinal purposes were reported to be the roots and the stem bark (90.3% and 81.6%, respectively), possibly suggesting mortality caused by heavy harvesting.
Respondents also mentioned other uses of the Z. chalybeum plant to be as beverage (porridge and tea) spice (83.5%), ruminant fodder
(especially seeds) (58%), for Boma fencing (30%), and as firewood (11.6%).

Are specific characteristics/traits being targeted?
Unknown/not recorded
Purpose of Use
Basic subsistence (meeting day to day essential needs)
Income generation from trade at individual or household or community
Additional Details (if available)

Zanthoxylum chalybeum is an important medicinal plant for malaria treatment, fever, cough, headaches, chest pain, digestive disorders (e.g., ulcers), some problems associated with the female reproductive system, diabetes, and toothache; Moreover, according to [12], the tree species is of economic importance to most of the rural communities who have inadequate livelihood resources. The plant leaves have been processed to make vegetables in powder form and sold in the market at TZS 2000 (USD 1.5) for 500 g and thus provide income.

What is the main end use for any living organisms, parts or products taken/extracted?
What is the trend in the level of offtake within the period covered by this record?
Geographic Location
Country
Tanzania
Sub region/state
Manyara Region
Name
Simanjiro District
Site Description

The district lies between 3◦52′ and 4◦24′ South and 36◦05′ and 36◦39′ East

Local people (e.g., individuals, communities, co-operatives)
Is the use part of a strategy to generate conservation incentives, to finance conservation, or to improve tolerance/stewardship?
Unknown/not recorded
Is there evidence that the use is affecting the conservation status of the species? HIDE
Unknown/not recorded
Is there evidence that the use is affecting natural selection?
Unknown/not recorded
Is there evidence that the use is affecting poaching of illegal wildlife trade?
Unknown/not reported
Is there any evidence that this use of the species is having a knock-on effect on the status of non-target species
Unknown/not recorded
Unknown/not recorded
Details of assessment carried out

The harvesting methods of this species are considered to be unsustainable; Z. chalybeum is under the threat of unsustainability since roots and barks are the main plant parts harvested.

Has a valuation of financial flows from this use at the site/national/international level been recorded
No
Contribution to GDP
Unknown/not recorded
Medicine/healthcare
Training/Skills
Land/Resource Rights
Decision Making
Social Cohesion
Conflict- people
Conflict- wildlife
Climate Change
Has the use of the species been recorded as resulting in changes to human health in this record?
Unknown/not recorded
Has the species in use been noted as being of particular disease risk to humans?
Unknown/not recorded
Has the use of the species resulted in changes to animal welfare in this record?
Unknown/not recorded
Are there particular practices which have increased the risk to human or animal health or welfare in the use of this species?
Unknown/not recorded
Does the use of this species increase susceptibility to pathogen spread?
Unknown/not recorded
Unknown/not recorded
Biological characteristics of target species
Present
Source Reference(s)

Mbinile, S. D., Munishi, L. K., Ngondya, I. B., & Ndakidemi, P. A. (2020). Conservation and Management Challenges Facing a Medicinal Plant Zanthoxylum chalybeum in Simanjiro Area, Northern Tanzania. Sustainability, 12(10), 4140. MDPI AG. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12104140

Threats/pressures impacting the species at the scale of this record
Who is involved in the use?
Is there any gender/age specificity in the various roles
Unknown/not recorded
How many of these local jobs accure to the following categories?
How many people outside the local area are employed
Is there any evidence of other economic benefits associated with this use beyond direct income and jobs
Unknown/Not recorded
Scale of Assessment
IUCN National Red List Category
IUCN Global Red List Category
Green Status Global Category
Yearly Financial Flows
No assessment recorded
Yes, considered unsustainable
Country reference