Fishing_Tucuxi_Brazil

Affiliation
IIED
Type of wild species covered by the record
Wild species used in its natural habitat
Stage of the value chain covered by the record
Entire value chain
Record Source
Scientific publication (e.g., journal articles and book chapters independently peer-reviewed)

Use of Tucuxi Dolphin Sotalia fluviatilis for Medicinal and Magic/Religious Purposes in North of Brazil

Decreasing
Is the species endemic HIDE
Unknown
Population Status
Unknown/not recorded
Formal international protection in place
International Level
National Level
Formal national protection in place

In Brazil, it is protected under the Federal Law, which prohibits hunting of any wildlife found in its territory for sale nationally or internationally

Population Trend
Unknown/not recorded
Sub-national Level
Unknown/not recorded
Additional Details (if available)

Threats include incidental mortality in fishing gear, deliberate killing for fish bait, damming of rivers, and environmental pollution from organochlorines and heavy metals

Name
Emma Hemmerlé
Scientific Name
Sotalia fluviatilis
Common Name(s)
Tucuxi
Type of Use
Extractive (i.e., the entire organism or parts of the organism are removed from its environment)
If extractive, for the target species, is this use
Lethal
Does this use involve take/extraction of
Only parts or products of the organism (e.g., feathers, leaves, branches, eggs, nuts)
Details of parts/products taken

In Brazil, mainly in north, there is a market for the eyes, teeth, and genital organs of the dolphins, which are used as magical charms. The fat and oil of the skin also are used commercially and in traditional medicine ;

Are specific characteristics/traits being targeted?
Unknown/not recorded
Purpose of Use
Largescale commercial exploitation for trade
Cultural/spiritual
Additional Details (if available)

The species is used as part of religious and cultural practices, but is also traded commercially for those same purposes.

What is the main end use for any living organisms, parts or products taken/extracted?
What is the trend in the level of offtake within the period covered by this record?
Geographic Location
Country
Brazil
Sub region/state
Para
Site Description

The study was conducted in the City of Belém and in the fishing community of Pesqueiro Beach

Local people (e.g., individuals, communities, co-operatives)
Unknown/not recorded
Is the use part of a strategy to generate conservation incentives, to finance conservation, or to improve tolerance/stewardship?
Unknown/not recorded
Is there evidence that the use is affecting the conservation status of the species? HIDE
No – no clear evidence of the impact of use compared to other factors influencing
Is there evidence that the use is affecting natural selection?
Unknown/not recorded
Is there evidence that the use is affecting poaching of illegal wildlife trade?
Unknown/not reported
Is there any evidence that this use of the species is having a knock-on effect on the status of non-target species
Unknown/not recorded
Unknown/not recorded
Details of assessment carried out

The demand for dolphin products in local markets may impact S. fluviatilis’ populations. However the magnitude of this impact needs to be further investigated and better understood.

Has a valuation of financial flows from this use at the site/national/international level been recorded
No
Contribution to GDP
Unknown/not recorded
Medicine/healthcare
Training/Skills
Land/Resource Rights
Decision Making
Social Cohesion
Conflict- people
Conflict- wildlife
Climate Change
Has the use of the species been recorded as resulting in changes to human health in this record?
Unknown/not recorded
Has the species in use been noted as being of particular disease risk to humans?
Unknown/not recorded
Has the use of the species resulted in changes to animal welfare in this record?
Unknown/not recorded
Are there particular practices which have increased the risk to human or animal health or welfare in the use of this species?
Unknown/not recorded
Does the use of this species increase susceptibility to pathogen spread?
Unknown/not recorded
Unknown/not recorded
Biological characteristics of target species
Absent
Source Reference(s)

Alves, R.R.N., Rosa, I.L. Use of Tucuxi Dolphin Sotalia fluviatilis for Medicinal and Magic/Religious Purposes in North of Brazil. Hum Ecol 36, 443–447 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-008-9174-5

Threats/pressures impacting the species at the scale of this record
Who is involved in the use?
Is there any gender/age specificity in the various roles
Unknown/not recorded
How many of these local jobs accure to the following categories?
How many people outside the local area are employed
Is there any evidence of other economic benefits associated with this use beyond direct income and jobs
Unknown/Not recorded
Scale of Assessment
IUCN National Red List Category
IUCN Global Red List Category
Green Status Global Category
Yearly Financial Flows
Other
incidental capture
No assessment recorded
Sustainability not determined
Country reference