Logging_Ramin_Malaysia

Affiliation
IIED
Type of wild species covered by the record
Wild species used in its natural habitat
Stage of the value chain covered by the record
Entire value chain
Record Source
“Grey” literature (e.g., NGO reports, case studies, non-detriment studies; project documents etc. (not necessarily peer-reviewed))

Ramin (Gonystylus Bancanus) Harvesting In Malaysia

Decreasing
Is the species endemic HIDE
No
Population Status
Unknown/not recorded
Formal international protection in place
International Level
National Level
Unknown/not recorded
Additional Details (if available)

Habitat Loss/Degradation (human induced) and associated threats such as fire, presence of drainage and irrigation canals and long-term intrinsic factors resulting from the alteration of hydrological regimes, etc. Other threats include unsustainable harvesting of its resources and the presence of canals for log transport.

Population Trend
Unknown/not recorded
Sub-national Level
Unknown/not recorded
Additional Details (if available)

This species is threatened by its historical over-exploitation for timber. Another major threat to the species is habitat loss and decline. This is caused by a variety of reasons in particular the development of oil palm plantations across the region. As previously stated, within Sarawak, over half of Permanent Forest Estates have been cleared and palm oil plantations established (Sabki et al. 2010). Forests are becoming degraded due to logging activity with stretches cleared for timber roads or railroads. In some places, this threat is more acute than others. The degradation of forests has put them at greater risk from fire which generates further risk (UNEP WCMC 2016). Within Indonesia, fire is thought to have significantly contributed to the decline in G. bancanus subpopulations. Habitat change also occurs as a consequence of land drainage and canal establishment within the swamps, in Malaysia (Chua 2010). The species is subject to habitat fragmentation and there is a lack of protected areas within peat swamps forests.

Name
Emma Hemmerlé
Scientific Name
Gonystylus bancanus
Common Name(s)
ramin
melawis
Type of Use
Extractive (i.e., the entire organism or parts of the organism are removed from its environment)
If extractive, for the target species, is this use
Lethal
Does this use involve take/extraction of
Only parts or products of the organism (e.g., feathers, leaves, branches, eggs, nuts)
Details of parts/products taken

stems

How is the primary use carried out?
Are specific characteristics/traits being targeted?
Unknown/not recorded
Purpose of Use
Basic subsistence (meeting day to day essential needs)
Income generation from trade at individual or household or community
Largescale commercial exploitation for trade
Cultural/spiritual
Additional Details (if available)

Ramin timber is widely used to make decorative cabinets, furniture, and interior decoration such as wall panelling, light flooring, door and window frames, mouldings, skirtings, ceilings, partitions, stair treads and counter tops. Ramin is also used to make toys, turnery, broom handles, venetian blind slats, dowels, picture frames and drawing boards; s. The resin is used by local communities as incense, while pounded fruits are used to poison fish. A concoction of roots is admi- nistered after childbirth.

What is the main end use for any living organisms, parts or products taken/extracted?
What is the trend in the level of offtake within the period covered by this record?
Geographic Location
Local people (e.g., individuals, communities, co-operatives)
National / local private sector
International private sector
If more than one box ticked, please provide more details

Major importing countries include the USA, Europe, Japan, Australia and Taiwan.

Is the use part of a strategy to generate conservation incentives, to finance conservation, or to improve tolerance/stewardship?
Unknown/not recorded
Is there evidence that the use is affecting the conservation status of the species? HIDE
Unknown/not recorded
Is there evidence that the use is affecting natural selection?
Unknown/not recorded
Is there evidence that the use is affecting poaching of illegal wildlife trade?
Unknown/not reported
Is there any evidence that this use of the species is having a knock-on effect on the status of non-target species
Unknown/not recorded
Unknown/not recorded
Has a valuation of financial flows from this use at the site/national/international level been recorded
No
Contribution to GDP
Unknown/not recorded
Medicine/healthcare
Training/Skills
Land/Resource Rights
Decision Making
Social Cohesion
Conflict- people
Conflict- wildlife
Climate Change
Has the use of the species been recorded as resulting in changes to human health in this record?
Unknown/not recorded
Has the species in use been noted as being of particular disease risk to humans?
Unknown/not recorded
Has the use of the species resulted in changes to animal welfare in this record?
Unknown/not recorded
Are there particular practices which have increased the risk to human or animal health or welfare in the use of this species?
Unknown/not recorded
Does the use of this species increase susceptibility to pathogen spread?
Unknown/not recorded
Unknown/not recorded
Biological characteristics of target species
Absent
Source Reference(s)

Chua, L.S.L. (n.d.) NDF Workshop Case Studies
WG 1 – Trees: Ramin (Gonystylus Bancanus) Harvesting In Malaysia.

Threats/pressures impacting the species at the scale of this record
Who is involved in the use?
Is there any gender/age specificity in the various roles
Unknown/not recorded
How many of these local jobs accure to the following categories?
How many people outside the local area are employed
Is there any evidence of other economic benefits associated with this use beyond direct income and jobs
Unknown/Not recorded
Scale of Assessment
IUCN National Red List Category
IUCN Global Red List Category
Green Status Global Category
Yearly Financial Flows
No assessment recorded
No assessment has been recorded